Urban Governance and Infrastructure – Part 15

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Laos – Strengths And Weaknesses

Laos is one of the poorest countries in all of Southeast Asia with a great percentage of its people in poverty. It’s wedged in between two vastly larger and vastly more successful countries, leaving it in the dust in terms of economical growth and prosperity of its people. Laos has been fighting and gaining political independence, breaking free from its French Protectorate roots in 1949. Its civil war also brought it political freedom from communism in 1975. Laos is probably most familiar to Americans due to its role in the Vietnam War.

Laos is and always has been heavily dependent on its neighbors. Cities continue to grow due to trade but one of the biggest issues plaguing the country is its lack of infrastructure, a major weakness. There are hardly any railways to allow for the transportation of goods and, even though the major roadways have gotten paved in the past few years, most of the country is still only accessible through unpaved roadways. Communication also poses a problem as most of the area, outside of the major urban development, is inaccessible even to electricity, a weakness both to visitors and its citizens.

One of the major sources of pride to Laos is the Lao Brewery. There are 3 types of beer produced, all varying shades of the name Beerlao. Beerlao has actually grown in popularity across the globe and at the moment has 12 countries of export. This list is increasing and the effects are also helping to increase the country’s economy as a whole. Most of the GDP is still in the form of subsistence agriculture, equating for more than half and also provides 80% of the employment in the country. The government has been utilizing reforms and developing things such as International Rice Research Institute, one of the great strengths.

The Laos economy also receives aid from such sources as ICF, ADB, and other such international institutions. There have also been an increasing number of foreign investments to help grow Laos’ society and industry. Tourism is actually the fastest growing industry but on the flip side of what Laos has to offer, its smartest people are being taken away. In 2000 alone, they suffered a skilled emigration rate of 37.4% which has been a weakness to the industries. While Laos is considered a poor country with many citizens in poverty, it is high in valuable substances and commodities like rice, a key strength of the country. The country and foreign investors are working to help to grow Laos into a thriving nation. It you want to experience something truly amazing then Laos would be for you.

Geographic Tongue During Pregnancy Or Nursing

Pregnancy is a time of high nutritional need, after all you are “eating for two” now. Not that you need twice the calories but you do need twice the nutrition to build healthy bones and bodies. But in today’s world it is difficult to get the proper nutrition for one let alone enough for two.

I’m convinced that there is a very good reason why so many pregnant women are having tongue problems . You see, research reveals that 80 to 90% of pregnant women are deficient in one or more critical nutrients. As their body’s demand for nutrients increases they just aren’t getting them.

Plus:

Today’s chemically grown foods just don’t have the nutrients they used to. At the same time the incidence of Geographic Tongue is increasing.

Did you know?
A Recent USDA study showed that only 4% of Americans are getting the minimum recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of their essential vitamins? Another US Government survey found that out of 21,000 people surveyed, NOT ONE of them managed to eat the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of the ten basic nutrients studied. (It’s hard to believe not one out of 21,000, so what are the odds that you are getting what you need?) On any given day, 91% of Americans don’t eat the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables. Because of Modern Agriculture the food you eat doesn’t have the nutritional value your grandparents got from eating the same food. (For instance, incredible as it seems… today you would have to eat 60 servings of spinach to get the same amount of iron as in one serving of spinach in 1948!) 65% of Americans don’t get the minimum daily requirement of Zinc! And Zinc is essential for your immune system

Everyone’s body needs the right nutrients to counteract the damage being inflicted on their bodies every day. But pregnant women are especially vulnerable because the demand for nutrients is so much higher. So if you are pregnant and experiencing Geographic Tongue your body is trying to tell you something. For your health and the health of your baby you need to get the proper nutrition right away!

Obviously, pregnancy is a strain on your body requiring extra nutrients. But, if you nurse your baby (which you should if at all possible) you have extended the time your body needs that extra nutrition. Plus waking up every couple of hours to care for the baby doesn’t help you recuperate from all that stress and strain either and you certainly don’t need the added stress of worrying about Geographic Tongue.

Fortunately, our bodies were designed to know this and have almost super healing powers during this time all they need are the proper building blocks to do it. So there is hope if you have Geographic Tongue and are pregnant or nursing. Get the proper nutrition and it will make a big difference not only for you but for your baby.

If you are pregnant or nursing and have developed geographic tongue and would like more information on Geographic Tongue during pregnancy, check out the additional resources on HealthyTongueSecrets.com

What Is A Vacuum Forming Machine

Traditionally used in heavy industries to design prototypes and produce thousands of models, vacuum forming machine and molds have become increasingly popular with individuals wanting to produce their own works.

Identification:According to Formech International, a producer of vacuum forming machine, molds can range from simple carved wooden pieces to complicated aluminum forms that can be used to create items such as car dashboards or airline cockpit controls. Materials:Plaster and wood molds are used for low temperature plastics requiring few parts, while jobs requiring higher temperature plastics and industrial production numbers use aluminum based resins or aluminum molds. Realistically, Plastic materials are easy to manufacture and create with few costs. Most plastic products are created by using special molds, which the take the liquid plastic and construct it into the desired shape. One mold is used multiple times, making the process predictable and easy. Plastic are easier to fabricate than metal components and require less energy and time for the process. Workers don’t have to be as skilled as metal workers, which makes it possible to use workers with little experience.

almost anything can be used as a mold so long as it can withstand the temperatures of the plastic being used, according to Professor Ted Selker of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (see Resources). In the years following the war, Regina’s competitors out-performed them, and Regina experienced dwindling profits. They attempted to broaden their sales base by adding other cleaning products to their repertoire. When that failed to increase profits, an investment group purchased majority interest in Regina.

Process:The process for using a vacuum forming mold is fairly simple. The mold is put in place on the machine first, on an apparatus that can be raised or lowered. A thermoplastic sheet is inserted into the machine and then heated. The mold is raised from below into the hot plastic, and the plastic molds around it. The vacuum then draws all of the air out of the plastic and sets it to the mold’s shape. After setting, air is pumped back in to separate the mold from the plastic. The investment group introduced the Regina Steamer, and the Regina Housekeeper and profits improved. Unfortunately, the investment group experienced management problems, and sold their rights to Regina. In 2000, the Royal Corporation purchased the rights to Regina, but sell the vacuums using the Home Depot brand name.

Types:There are two types of molds used by vacuum forming machine: male (positive) and female (negative). Male form molds project upward toward the plastic sheet, while female forms molds project downward. The top surface of the mold is what comes into contact with the plastic and is therefore better finished, and that is the determinant for using a male or female mold. Benefits:vacuum forming machine can be used in many industries. They are used by companies in the fields of aeronautics, agriculture, automotive, construction, computers, design, electronics, and many more. They are versatile and easy to produce.

Information Related To Agriculture Products, Agriculture Market, Agri Trading.

Agriculture marketing is the word which is being used in the world of trading. When the goods are transferred from producer to consumer is termed as agriculture marketing. Most of things are connected to each other in agri marketing like production, growing, harvesting , packing, transport, storage, distribution, advertising etc. Market should provide profit to all whether its a customer or producer. It must be customer oriented. In olden days their were different techniques has been applied to transfer product but today in modern marketing different procedures applies to transfer the agri product from producer to customer. Agri products contain everything Seeds, grains, fruits, vegetables, vegetable oil etc. In the development of rural areas, income generation, linkage market plays an important role. These connect social and economic needs.
In the olden days it was very difficult to know the status or rates of the products but in the modern world new technologies are developed through which one can get each and every information related to the market and can be up to date. SMS on cell phone and FM radio facility provides best service to the customer as well as producer. Internet is the another way to get the information. The changes occure can be seen easily. Agriculture commodities are of two types hard and soft. Corn, wheat, soyabean, sugar all are soft commodity. Hard commodity are mined from the ground. One fifth of total GDP contain by agriculture commodities.
Agriculture marketing has two objectives :
1. Sale of surplus commodity
2. Buy other commodity to satisfy needs.
Basically market is divided into three parts :
1.Wholesale market
2. Retail market
3. Fairs
Marketing channel is used through which products are transfer from producer to consumer. Marketing channel consist of storage, handling, transporting, packaging and retailing. In India agriculture is the largest source of employment.
Spot trading is the another term used in market in which delivery takes place on the spot or immediately. Future marketing also done in agriculture products in which the product is being buy or sell in the future trading. The National Commodity and Derivative Exchange, the Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd and the National Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd. All three have electronic trading and settlement systems and a national presence. Trading in commodity is much more easier then Stocks because their margin is very low. Brokrage is ranges from 0.05% to 0.12% only.
Commodities are generally considered as more stable and consistant in investing but it also have some risk. Agriculture product are transferred from the producer to the consumer in many different ways. Some acts are also applied over the agriculture trading. On average, every hour, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, around $6 million in U.S. agricultural products–grains, oilseeds, cotton, meats, vegetables, snack foods, etc., will be consigned for shipment for export to foreign markets.